Logo-ijmpes
Int J Med Parasitol Epidemiol Sci. 2021;2(3): 48-55.
doi: 10.34172/ijmpes.2021.16
  Abstract View: 2276
  PDF Download: 595

Original Article

Evolutive History of Leishmania Genus and Differential Diagnosis of Clinical Important Species Based on a Unique Kinetoplastida Chitinase

Felipe Trovalim Jordão 1, Aline Diniz Cabral 1, Gabriel Lopes Pereira 1, Leticia Abrantes de Andrade 1, Edmar Silva Santos 1, Rodrigo Buzinaro Suzuki 1,2,3, Max Mario Fuhlendorf 1, Lucas Gentil Azevedo 4, Pablo Ivan Pereira Ramos 4,5, Artur Trancoso Lopo de Queiroz 4,5, Márcia Aparecida Sperança 1* ORCID logo

1 Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, 09606-070, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil
2 Departamento de Parasitologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília, 17519-030, Marília, SP, Brasil
3 Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Marilia, 17.525–902, Marília, SP, Brazil
4 Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
5 Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia e Medicina Investigativa, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
*Corresponding Author: *Corresponding Author: Márcia Aparecida Sperança, E-mail: , Email: marcia.speranca@ufabc.edu.br

Abstract

Introduction: Leishmaniasis, a neglected infectious disease affecting humans, domestic, and wild animals, is caused by 20 from 53 Leishmania genus species and transmitted by sandflies. Leishmania genus, belonging to the Trypanosomatidae family and Kinetoplastida order, are grouped into five subgroups according to the biogeographic and evolutive history of parasites and hosts, leading to incongruences and paraphyly. The GH18 Leishmania chitinase, which is encoded by a species-specific single-copy gene, conserved in the basal groups of trypanosomatids, and absent in the genus Trypanosoma, was evaluated as a phylogenetic marker and a diagnostic target.

Methods: Primers were designed to detect Leishmania in its host biological samples and obtain the chitinase sequence of species that are unavailable in public databanks. The GH18 chitinase gene and its genomic context were evaluated phylogenetically. A protocol was developed to discriminate Leishmania subgenera by adopting polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism and using in silico tools. The adopted PCR method for detecting a partial 953 bp GH18 chitinase-encoding gene represented high sensibility and specificity on DNA of isolated parasites and was used as negative controls, Trypanosoma cruzi, and DNA from Leishmania hosts.

Results: Preservation of the chitinase locus in the aquatic free-living protozoan Bodo saltans disclosed a primitive common origin. Based on the comparative analysis, the amino acid sequence of GH18 trypanosomatidae chitinase demonstrated its high similarity to that of chitinase from marine prokaryotes and protozoans. Phylogenetic reconstruction based on chitinase corroborated the Supercontinent Origins Theory for Leishmania.

Conclusion: The chitinase-encoding gene was effectively detected in biological samples and thus could be considered for differential molecular diagnosis among Leishmania clinical important species worldwide.

First Name
 
Last Name
 
Email Address
 
Comments
 
Security code


Abstract View: 2277

Your browser does not support the canvas element.


PDF Download: 595

Your browser does not support the canvas element.

Submitted: 07 Apr 2021
Accepted: 23 Jul 2021
ePublished: 01 Oct 2021
EndNote EndNote

(Enw Format - Win & Mac)

BibTeX BibTeX

(Bib Format - Win & Mac)

Bookends Bookends

(Ris Format - Mac only)

EasyBib EasyBib

(Ris Format - Win & Mac)

Medlars Medlars

(Txt Format - Win & Mac)

Mendeley Web Mendeley Web
Mendeley Mendeley

(Ris Format - Win & Mac)

Papers Papers

(Ris Format - Win & Mac)

ProCite ProCite

(Ris Format - Win & Mac)

Reference Manager Reference Manager

(Ris Format - Win only)

Refworks Refworks

(Refworks Format - Win & Mac)

Zotero Zotero

(Ris Format - Firefox Plugin)